Rasgueado

Rasgueado (also called rajeo, rasgueo or rasgeo in the Andalusian dialect) is a guitar finger strumming technique commonly associated with flamenco guitar music. It is also used in classical and other fingerstyle guitar picking techniques. The rasgueado is executed using the fingers of the strumming hand in rhythmically precise, and often rapid, strumming patterns.

History
Before the 19th century, the terms "battuto" and "golpeado" were commonly used to describe the same technique. Although originating in the classical tradition, the technique is most often associated with flamenco guitar. Andrés Segovia tried to remove the use of rasgueado from the classical school, considering it to have been developed "in the noisy hands of the gypsies".

Its use in classical music is limited today, but examples of pieces employing rasgueado are Manuel de Falla's "The Miller's Dance" and "Asturias" by Isaac Albéniz. It is also heard in the Joaquín Rodrigo's "Concierto de Aranjuez".

Technique
In distinction with ordinary strumming, which is usually done either with a plectrum, or with one clump of fingers at a time, rasgueado generally uses only one digit (finger, thumb, etc) for each strum; this means that multiple strums can be done more quickly than usual by using multiple digits in quick succession.

Flamenco guitarists often build up their fingernails using layers of silk and superglue to prevent the nail from breaking. There is some sacrifice of tonal quality in this process, but without it, rasqueado is likely to break most fingernails after a time. The wooden table of the guitar is protected from the reinforced nails by a plastic plate called a "golpeador" which is stuck to the front beneath the soundhole.

There are several types of rasgueado, but the two main divisions are those that employ the forearm and thumb in conjunction and those that incorporate only the fingers. Of course, both approaches can be combined to allow for the use of all digits on the hand.